Inhaltsverzeichnis
Warum kann man aus einer gentechnisch veränderten transgenen Bakterie viel Insulin gewinnen?
Gentechnisch hergestelltes Humaninsulin hat vier Hauptvorteile gegenüber Schweine- oder Rinderinsulin: Die Gewinnung des Insulins ist prinzipiell einfacher, und in gleicher Zeit können größere Mengen gewonnen werden. Keine Antikörperbildung gegen das Hormon, also auch keine allergischen Reaktionen.
Welche anderen Stoffe lässt man von Bakterien herstellen?
Zahlreiche Bakterien, Hefen oder Pilze können „von Natur aus“ nützliche Stoffe wie Vitamine, Aminosäuren, Enzyme oder Zitronensäure bilden.
When was the first transgenic organism created?
The first transgenic organism was created in 1974 when Annie Chang and Stanley Cohen expressed Staphylococcus aureus genes in Escherichia coli. In 1978, yeast cells were the first eukaryotic organisms to undergo gene transfer. Mouse cells were first transformed in 1979, followed by mouse embryos in 1980.
What are transgenes and how are they chosen?
These are typically combined in a bacterial plasmid and the coding sequences are typically chosen from transgenes with previously known functions. Transgenic or genetically modified organisms, be they bacteria, viruses or fungi, serve many research purposes. Transgenic plants, insects, fish and mammals (including humans) have been bred.
What animals are used in transgenic research?
Use in mice. Genetically modified mice are the most common animal model for transgenic research. Transgenic mice are currently being used to study a variety of diseases including cancer, obesity, heart disease, arthritis, anxiety, and Parkinson’s disease.
What are some examples of transgenic plant species?
One example of a transgenic plant species is golden rice. In 1997, five million children developed xerophthalmia, a medical condition caused by vitamin A deficiency, in Southeast Asia alone.